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... more recent years has stimulated the rise of neocatastrophism. Regardless of that, it is beyond question that mainstream scientists throughout most of the twentieth century considered catastrophism to be dead. Chapter 2 looks at the nature of catastrophism in previous times, and the reasons for its apparent defeat by uniformitarianism in the nineteenth century. Uniformitarianism was formulated by Charles Lyell in a geological context, but its principles and attitudes were adopted by Charles Darwin for his theory of evolution, subsequently developed into the Modern Synthesis. There was a general belief that catastrophism and evolution were alternative, mutually exclusive, explanations for the fossil record and, as fossil evidence accumulated during the second half of the nineteenth century, ...
52. The Dawnseekers: the First History of American Paleontology by Robert West Howard [Journals] [Kronos]
... to layer within a religious framework.(7 ) Although the father of vertebrate paleontology, Cuvier himself rejected both geological uniformitarianism and the theory of biological evolution. In geology, uniformitarianism and catastrophism are not mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks and both may incorporate the evolutionary viewpoint. In his three-volume work The Principles of Geology (1830-1833), Sir Charles Lyell gave both empirical evidence and logical arguments to support the theory of geological uniformitarianism. Although this theory was first presented in the writings of James Hutton, Lyell is held to be the father of modern geology. Ironically, he was never to accept the theory of human evolution. In fact, it is not clear whether Lyell ever did ...
53. Ever Since Darwin: A Review [Journals] [Kronos]
... states." What, one might ask, would mark "intrinsic trends to higher states", if increased brain size does not? Two sections will be of especial interest to readers of this journal. "Uniformity and Catastrophe" (No. 18) attempts to clear up some misunderstandings about 19th-century geology, particularly the idea that before Lyell shone the light of uniformitarianism into that science, it was dominated by the catastrophists who were "theological apologists who sought to compress the geologic record into the strictures of biblical chronology". Gould reminds us of the scientific catastrophists, precursors of Velikovsky, such as Cuvier, Agassiz, Sedgwick and Murchison, none of whom resembled the caricatured ...
54. Bookshelf [Journals] [SIS Review]
... states." What, one might ask, would mark "intrinsic trends to higher states", if increased brain size does not? Two sections will be of especial interest to readers of this Review. "Uniformity and Catastrophe" (No. 18) attempts to clear up some misunderstandings about 19th-century geology, particularly the idea that before LYELL shone the light of uniformitarianism into that science, it was dominated by the catastrophists who were "theological apologists who sought to compress the geologic record into the strictures of biblical chronology". Gould reminds us of the scientific catastrophists; precursors of Velikovsky, such as CUVIER, AGASSIZ, SEDGWICK and MURCHISON, none of whom resembled the caricatured ...
55. Editor's Notes [Journals] [SIS Review]
... :1 Home | Issue Contents Editor's Notes Welcome to the first issue of the new-style Chronology & Catastrophism Review, which is planned to appear two or three times a year and replaces the old C&C Workshop and C&C Review journals. This issue contains a major reappraisal by Trevor Palmer of the contributions and thinking of Darwin, Lyell and the other major Victorian scientists in the middle of the 19th century - developing the ideas outlined in his book Catastrophism, Neocatastrophism and Evolution. Benny Peiser questions orthodox thinking about the dating and origin of Homer, and Gunnar Heinsohn asks some awkward questions about the archaeology of the Middle East, focussing on the site of Hazor. Phillip ...
56. Catastrophism and Uniformitarianism [Journals] [Catastrophist Geology]
... Home | Issue Contents Catastrophism and Uniformitarianism Alistair F, Pitty Department of Geography, University of Hull, Great Britain The view of earth history proposed by the Catastrophists of the early nineteenth century was of a succession of abrupt upheavals culminating in a great Flood. These paroxysms were interpretated as the result of Divine intervention. In contrast. C. Lyell and J. Hutton favoured slow changes due to natural processes and considered that interpretations of earth history could be based on present-day evidence. Geology developed from their work. and A. Geike's maxim, the present is the key to the past', is often quoted. perhaps partly because the phrase is little longer than the word Uniformitarianism ...
57. Letters [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... for the 1982 New Scientist, the one that Salkeld couldn't get hold of in time to discuss it. Yeah, I bet. C. Leroy Ellenberger, St. Louis, USA Noah's Deluge: Evidence in Australia?Dear Sir, As pointed out by Dr Velikovsky in Earth in Upheaval, p. 182, it was Sir Charles Lyell who first divided up the Tertiary Period (popularly known as the Age of Mammals) and spread it across millions of years. "Lyell first divided the Tertiary into Eocene, Miocene and Pliocene on the basis of percentage of living species represented in each series, there being very few in the earliest and a very large percentage in the ...
58. Towards a new Evolutionary Synthesis [Journals] [SIS Review]
... , who had views similar to those of Lamarck, and by Robert Grant, while he was a medical student at Edinburgh. Then later, at Cambridge, he had learned much from his friendship with the botanist, J. S. Henslow. On the long years of the Beagle voyage he read avidly the Principles of Geology by Charles Lyell, who had developed James Hutton's ideas of uniformitarianism and slow changes over very long periods of time. Darwin was particularly excited by the second volume, which describes mutual wars of the different groups of animals and plants in their struggle for food and survival. This point was reinforced on his return from the voyage when, in 1838, ...
59. Psychoceramics [Journals] [Aeon]
... published "Sarawak [Borneo] Law" (1855), that contained all the essential ingredients of evolutionary theory except that of natural selection. But Wallace, who had published a previous series of seminal papers, was doing his work in southeast Asia, and a long, long way from England. Having read Wallace's latest submission Sir Charles Lyell and Joseph Hooker encouraged their friend Darwin to get a move on. But Darwin himself procrastinated until he received Wallace's "Ternate" manuscript (1858), which did outline natural selection in detail. With the help of Lyell and Hooker, Darwin managed to get his own hastily written paper presented before the Linnean Society- the foremost prestigious ...
60. Crustal Distortion in the Holocene [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... orthodox thinking on such matters – but regions with favourable climate presumably had the edge. The Ice Age theory was advanced by a Swiss palaeontologist, Louis Agassiz in the 19th century. His study of Alpine glaciers led him to think they were once much bigger and subsequent investigations have proved this is correct. However, his theory appealed to Charles Lyell and he encouraged Agassiz to adapt his theory to fit his own scheme of small and gradual geologic change involving immense periods of time. The idea of glaciation was advanced to explain the discovery of erratics, and moraines, a thorn in the flesh of all uniformitarians as until that moment they had been interpreted as evidence of a great flood ...
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