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Search results for: hazael in all categories
64 results found.
3 pages of results. 1. The el-Amarna Letters (Concluded) (Ages in Chaos) [Velikovsky]
... was held by the king of Sumur and Gubla, and his army was stationed there, because he wrote to the pharaoh: "Say to Ianhamu that (he) take money and clothing for the people of Gubla in Iarimuta." The conflict over Iarimuta outlived Abdi-Ashirta (Ben-Hadad) and was still acute in the days of Aziru (Hazael). The king of Sumur (Samaria) required of the pharaoh military assistance to compel the local chief, who had aligned himself with the king of Damascus, to give provisions to the peasants and soldiers. LETTER 114: Formerly, my peasants have provided provisions from the land of Iarimuta. But, behold, Iapa-Addi did not ...
2. Syria and Ugarit [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... Ugarit he stated "the final proof that it was not [Ugarit] can be turned up by a cursory glance, not even a scouring, of the Semitic documents bearing the name of Nikmed, King of Ugarit. Among the tablets found at Ras Shamra is one recording a treaty between Nikmed and Araru, king of Amurru, the Hazael of Damascus of Velikovsky's reconstruction."2 While I consider that James has proved beyond doubt that the "city of Nikdime" cannot be Ugarit,3 James seemed unaware of the fact that this Azaru (king of Amurra) cannot under the terms of Velikovsky's chronology be the Biblical Hazael, who is Velikovsky's Azaru. While I remain ...
3. Abimilki, Azaru and Nikmed in the El-Amarna Correspondence and the Assyrian Annals [Journals] [Kronos]
... . THE DATE OF PYGMALION Under the sub-heading "Pygmalion-Abimilki and the Royal House of Tyre", Feldman presented a short survey of the relevant political events in Syria-Palestine during the third quarter of the 9th century B.C . Towards the beginning he stated: "Sometime after the death of Mattan-Baal's father - Baalazor - Shalmaneser III came to fight Hazael the king of Damascus at Mount Shenir opposite Lebanon", referring to that Assyrian monarch's famous campaign on which he collected tribute from "Yaw, son of Omri", usually thought to be Jehu King of Israel.(3 ) This placement of the death of Baalazor with regard to Shalmaneser III's 18th year (841 B.C ...
4. Dating the Wars of Seti I [Journals] [SIS Review]
... end of the 9th century BC. In the late 9th century, Israel's neighbours to the north were a group of Aramaean kingdoms. Of these, Damascus features most prominently in the Old Testament, because of its persistently aggressive policy towards Israel, initially under Ben-Hadad I (Adad-idri, or Hadadezer, in Assyrian records), and subsequently under Hazael (75). This Aramaean aggression was temporarily halted when Hazael suffered severe losses at the hands of Shalmaneser III of Assyria. In Shalmaneser's 18th year (841 BC), he besieged Hazael in Damascus, his royal residence, laying waste its gardens and groves, but failing to take the city itself. Then he moved south and ...
5. A Date Correction for Ramses II [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... Ramses II would have been militarily active in this region. In his 5th regnal year Ramses II battled against the Hittite king Mutwallis at Kadesh: this would have occurred in 800 BC according to the Glasgow chronology. I propose to demonstrate that this date is incompatible with the evidence. The key issue here is the date of the death of Hazael, king of Syria. We are told that ". .. Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz" (2 Kings 13:22), which implies that Hazael was still alive at the time of the death of Jehoahaz. According to the chronology of Thiele,(2 ) - which is accepted ...
6. The el-Amarna Letters (Continued) (Ages in Chaos) [Velikovsky]
... 8:7-9 And Elisha came to Damascus; and Ben-Hadad the king of Syria was sick; and it was told him, saying, The man of God is come hither. And the king said unto Hazel .. . go .. . enquire of the Lord by him. saying, Shall I recover of this disease? So Hazael went to meet him .. . and stood before him, and said, Thy son Ben-Hadad king of Syria hath sent me to thee, saying, Shall I recover of this disease? The question of whether the king of Damascus would recover from his sickness or die is repeated in the letter of the king of Sumur (Samaria ...
7. Date of Amarna Letters from Tyre and a Possible Date for Carthage [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... While some of the letters may date fractionally later than the death of Akhnaton, none can be dated later than the first few years of Tutankhamun- otherwise they would have gone to Thebes when the capital returned there. An attempt to date the letters from Abimilki of Tyre leads to the conclusion that they belong to the time of Azira (Hazael of Damascus), the beginning of whose reign is normally dated from 841 B.C . From Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia (Vol. I) by Luckenbill I note that the last reference to Hadad-ezer (Ben-Hadad II) is in the fourteenth year of Shalmaneser III, and that section 681 recording the death of Hadad-ezer and ...
8. In the Days of Seti I and Ramses II [Journals] [Velikovskian]
... Egypt's authority in Palestine and Syria collapsed, a situation reflected in the contents of the Amarna Letters. In his Ages in Chaos (1952) Velikovsky demonstrated how the inactivity of the pharaoh allowed Aziru, the scheming and treacherous king of Amurru (Syria), to wage destructive wars against his neighbours. Velikovsky identified this king of Syria with Hazael, who, during the time of Ahab, brought war and devastation repeatedly to the kingdom of Israel. The above identifications and synchronisations are supported by the present author, and we hold that the period of almost three generations, when the kings of Syria and Moab wrought massive destruction throughout Palestine, mark the collapse of Egyptian authority in ...
9. Sidelights on Velikovsky's 'Ages in Chaos' [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... and the El-Amarna Correspondence" (Kronos, Vol. ii, August 1976, 82), out of deference to the authority of Prof. Frank Cross, Jr., Harvard University, and William Langer's Encyclopedia of World History, the statement was made "Sometime after the death of Mattan-Baal's father – Baalazor- Shalmaneser III came to fight Hazael, the king of Damascus, at Mount Shenir opposite Lebanon." Originally my article, out of regard for the veracity of the royal secretaries quoted by the Bible, had said: "Two years before the death of Matan-Baal's father, Baaleser II, the Assyrian Shalmaneser III came down . . . to fight Hazael. . . ...
... , and that it did not arise from the invasion of enemies, he was mightily cast down at his having God so greatly for his enemy, and fell into a distemper. Now it happened that Elisha the prophet, at that time, was gone out of his own country to Damascus, of which Berthadad was informed: he sent Hazael, the most faithful of all his servants, to meet him, and to carry him presents, and bade him inquire of him about his distemper, and whether he should escape the danger that it threatened. So Hazael came to Elisha with forty camels, that carried the best and most precious fruits that the country of Damascus afforded ...
11. Further Notes on Abi Milki and Pygmalion [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... the house of Ugarit." Both Ugarit and Tyre seem to have fallen into the hands of an anti-Egyptian faction; Ammishtamru I, king of Ugarit and vassal of Amenophis III, was apparently replaced. The Cambridge Ancient History (8 ) notes that his successor, Niqmaddu II, was forced to concede territory to Aziru of Amurru (Velikovsky's Hazael) shortly before the reentry of Suppiluliumas into Syria. The accession of Abi Milki later in the reign of Rib Addi indicates Egyptian control of at least part of Phoenicia was regained, the anti-Egyptian faction therefore ousted. Abi Milki was also the contemporary of Aziru, son of Abdi Asirta. In EA 116 Rib Addi claims Sumura (Velikovsky's ...
12. Much Ado about Tippe Top (Vox Populi) [Journals] [Kronos]
... been militarily active in this region. In his 5th regnal year, Ramses II battled against the Hittite king Mutwallis at Kadesh: this would have occurred in 800 B.C . according to the Glasgow chronology. I propose to demonstrate that this date is incompatible with the evidence. The key issue here is the date of the death of Hazael, king of Syria. We are told that ". .. Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz" (II Kings 13:22), which implies that Hazael was still alive at the time of the death of Jehoahaz. According to the chronology of Thiele(2 ) - which is accepted by ...
13. Another Pot Plant Repl [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... , at a time when Ramses II would have been militarily active in this region. In a reply to a challenge by John Day (SIS Review IV: 2/3 , pp. 58-61), passing reference is made to II Kings 13:24. The implication behind this verse, taken in its surrounding context, is that Hazael of Damascus was alive as late as 798. As I will show in a forthcoming paper, "Syria/Ugarit," the Hittite King Mursilis II treated with a grandson of Aziru- the biblical Hazael(?). Since James, Bimson, and Gammon appear to accept this identification and as both Mursilis and Aziru's grandson were ...
14. Forum: The 900-700 BC era - a Conundrum C&C Review 2002:1 [Journals] [SIS Review]
... even if it was not till 587 BC that Jerusalem finally fell to Nebuchadrezzar (a Babylonian). There are quite a number of minor synchronisms between Palestine, Syria, Assyria, Hatti, Egypt etc. in this era which support the general picture (e .g . the visit of Elisha to Damascus at which he met Ben-Hadad and Hazael of Syria; the equivalence [Editor's note Various authorities claim they are not equivalent.] of Abdi-Ashirta and Aziru of the Amarna letters with Ben-Hadad and Hazael of Syria; the payment of tribute by Jehu of Israel to Shalmaneser III of Assyria; correspondence between Suppiluliumas of Hatti, Aziru and Tutankhamun's widow, etc., etc.) ...
15. Some Notes on the Revised Chronology (part two) [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... and Ahaziah were both assassinated by Jehu. Jehoram of Judah can therefore hardly have been the same as Jehoram of Israel. e). From the records of Shalmaneser III of Assyria, we know that Ben-Hadad was still ruling as late as his 14th year, -845. As most of Rib-Addi's letters were written during the time of Azaru (Hazael), then most of these letters must belong after -845. Even by extending the reign of Ahab by 7 or 9 years, it can hardly overlap with Hazael's by a sufficient period, as indicated by the number of letters during this time. Velikovsky's assorted synchronisations for Jehoram, together with his inability to synchronise his extended reign for ...
16. Pygmalion, Prince of Tyre, and the el-Amarna Correspondence [Journals] [Kronos]
... - the god Baal(33)- while Mattan is the form of the father's name given by Josephus based on the account of Menander of Ephesus.(34) Josephus/Menander informs us that Mattan-Baal reigned nine years.(35) Sometime after the death of Mattan-Baal's father- Baalazor(36)- Shalmaneser III came to fight Hazael, the king of Damascus, at Mount Shenir opposite Lebanon. Shalmaneser claimed that he won a victory there, and boasted that he raised a statue of himself on the mountain of "Baalirasi at the head of the sea" (that is a cape). "At the time," according to his monument famed as the ...
17. The el-Amarna Letters (Ages in Chaos) [Velikovsky]
... we open for the first time The el-Amarna Tablets. Five kings-two successive kings of Damascus, one of Israel, one of Judah, and one of Moab- were the main characters on the stage of the political life of the Egyptian provinces of Syria and Palestine at the time under study. For two of them the Scriptures retained similar names: Hazael, the king of Damascus, is called Aziru, Azira, or Azaru in the el-Amarna letters. The king of Moab, Mesha, is called, as we shall see, Mesh in the letters. The name of the king of Jerusalem of the el-Amarna letters is read Abdi-Hiba. However, the same characters, if regarded as ...
18. The Chronology of Israel and Judah Part I [Journals] [Catastrophism & Ancient History]
... Ahaziah the son of Jehoram of Judah began to rule alone for a year or less (2 Kings 8:25). Soon afterward, Jehu the son of Jehoshaphat the son of Nimshi killed Jehoram king of Israel and his notorious mother Jezebel, daughter of Ethbaal king of Zidon. Jehoram had been wounded in a battle at Ramah against Hazael king of Syria, and his nephew Ahaziah of Judah, who had fought allied with him in the battle, went up to visit him. After Jehu killed Jehoram Ahaziah was captured, but he escaped mortally wounded and died at Megiddo (2 Kings 9). At that time Ahab's seventy sons were also killed, as were the ...
19. The Dating of the El-Amarna Letters [Journals] [SIS Review]
... revised and moved forward more than half a thousand years". Velikovsky based his comparison of the events of the letters and those of the Scriptures on the identifications of Abdi-Hiba of Jerusalem with King Jehoshaphat of Judah. Rib-Addi of Gubla (and Sumur) with King Ahab of Israel, and Abdi-Ashirta and his son Azaru of Amurru with Ben-Hadad and Hazael, rulers of Damascus. With the latter two identifications he seems to be on firmest ground, in that we have a succession of two rulers, both of whom are characterised in the letters and the Scriptures as powerful rulers who made frequent armed excursions - and conquests - in the territories to the south of their own kingdom. In ...
20. Possible repercussions of 'The Bible Unearthed' [Journals] [SIS Review]
... had been traversed and reduced by Shoshenq. Finkelstein and Silberman place Ahab in Iron IIA and claim archaeology supports their alignment. Alternatively, and not to be dismissed, the Omrides may occupy very late Iron IB, a position much closer to the New Chronology. In David Rohl's concept the early stages of Iron IB coincide with the situation after Hazael had conquered the Trans-Jordan and forced Israelite elements to flee into the hill country of Ephraim, a not unlikely situation. He reached this conclusion as a means of explaining the abrupt population rise in the hill country at this point in the archaeological record and this view is extremely attractive. In an alternative scenario the new arrivals would have fled ...
21. Recent Developments in Near Eastern Archaeology [Journals] [SIS Review]
... IIA should be down-dated. New Chronologists would probably see Iron IIA as 8th century with the only indication of Ahab's time being the LBA and/or Iron I pottery. The excavators suggest that the destruction of the Jezreel enclosure, along with nearby Megiddo Str. VA-IVB, might be attributed to Jehu's revolt c.842BC (or alternatively to Hazael - see below) and not to Shishak c.925BC as normally thought (a shift of 80 or more years, as also emphasised by Zimhoni (pp. 92-93)). The Hazael scenario is proposed and developed by Naaman (pp. 122-128). He argues that the whole northern Israel destruction horizon, formerly attributed to ...
22. Some Notes on the Revised Chronology (part one) [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... is referred to as an ally of his father by Mursilis II (Nabopolassar, according to Velikovsky) in his treaty with Azaru's grandson Duppi-Teshub of Amurru. Certainly a problem arises when one tries to reconcile the known succession of the kings of Amurru with the succession at Damascus, based on Velikovsky's logical arguments that Azaru of Amurru is the Biblical Hazael. The available data indicates that while Azaru was certainly dead at the time of Kadesh, Hazael may still have been alive. (This is based on a c. -800 date for the Battle of Kadesh). It would appear to be more chance than design that has enabled Velikovsky to avoid the problem of reconciling this data ...
23. Egyptian Dynasties 20-21 - Tony Rees responds [Journals] [SIS Workshop]
... Israel and Asa of Judah (I Kings 15:20), since their wars would give the only appropriate chronological match. The stela is assumed to have been broken up and used for building material when Ahab recovered Israel's territory (I Kings 20:34). On a revised chronology it might be argued that the stela better fits Hazael of the late 9th century who actually did defeat both Israel and Judah (II Kings 12:17-18). By contrast, Ben-Hadad only defeated Israel and was paid to do so by Asa of Judah (I Kings 15:20). In the Hazael scenario the stela would have been broken and reused by Jehoash (II Kings ...
24. The Two Jehorams [Journals] [SIS Review]
... Ahab was allied with Jehoshaphat of Judah, and faced the "King of Syria", undoubtedly Ben-Hadad since this precedes the account of his death (I Kings 22:3 , and II Kings 8:15). Jehoram, on the other hand, was allied with Ahaziah of Judah, and his adversary is specifically referred to as Hazael (II Kings 8:28). The Two Jehorams and the Two Ahaziahs The coincidence of Jehoshaphat's 18th year and Jehoram's 2nd year is explicable not as a contradiction, but as a co-regency between the two kings. II Kings 8:16 strongly suggests that Jehoshaphat associated Jehoram, his eldest son, with him on the throne ( ...
25. Thutmose III: A Different Perspective [Journals] [Aeon]
... was anointed in the war camp at Ramoth Gilead and he immediately dispatched his two rivals, Jehoram and Ahaziah. In 842, Jehu was eventually forced to pay tribute to Assyria, but it was the Syrians whom the coalition had fought at Ramoth Gilead. Payment of tribute to Assyria would therefore indicate that the Assyrians were the real force behind Hazael of Damascus- he who "cut short Israel." There thus appears to be good evidence that Shalmaneser had not lost interest in Palestine, at least as far as tribute was concerned. The year 838 saw the last visit by Shalmaneser to the area. His wars were not yet over, but he was by then concentrating on ...
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